Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after testing and identifying the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is performed to determine the sensitivity of the bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor designs a treatment regimen that is necessary to effectively fight the infection and prevent serious complications.
efficacy
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs, so modern antibiotics have a broad spectrum of action, allowing them to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is Fosfomycin.
The antibacterial agent is available in powder form.This ensures its high bioavailability.The active substance destroys bacterial cells, relieving the main symptoms of infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimal number of side effects allow Fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
In acute
In case of an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.Modern antibiotics with proven effectiveness are used for this purpose.
For acute cystitis, Monural is often prescribed.Its main component is able to accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain a therapeutic effect for a long period.For uncomplicated infection, a single application is sufficient.
For chronic
In the case of chronic cystitis, an antibacterial agent should be chosen more carefully, based on the test data.Depending on the sensitivity of bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, release form and dose of the drug.
With blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is most often hospitalized and given antibiotic injections.Hemorrhagic cystitis poses a major health risk.Therefore, the course of treatment takes place in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex therapy of cystitis, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones are often used.These are broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotics that can interrupt DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms, such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, as well as anaerobic bacteria, show resistance to these substances.
For the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections, Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed.Tablets have a number of contraindications.They should not be used by children under 18, pregnant and lactating women, patients with renal, hepatic and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The group of cephalosporin antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in different forms: tablets, solutions and powders for injection, and in the form of a suspension.The special feature of medications is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics of this group are sometimes prescribed even to small children.
Side effects of cephalosporins often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor can prescribe Cephalexin monohydrate, Cefixime, Cefaclor, Ceftriaxone.
PENICILLIN
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite extensive, since this type of antibiotic was created earlier than others.The drugs affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of the infectious agent.However, a large number of types of pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.For cystitis, Ampicillin or Amoxicillin can be prescribed.
Hydroxyquinolines
8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives are characterized by an intense antimicrobial effect.These compounds interfere with DNA gyrase synthesis in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, stopping their further reproduction.From the group of hydroxyquinolines, Nitroxoline is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This drug is prescribed when treatment with other drugs has not brought a positive result.The antibiotic has many contraindications and can cause serious side effects, so it is strictly forbidden to use it without a doctor's recommendation.
Quinolones
The quinolone group of drugs with a bactericidal effect was created on the basis of nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
Medicines of this series have proven to be effective uroantiseptics, therefore they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so you should undergo an examination before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes such well-known tablets as nitrofurantoin and furazidin.
These drugs contain active ingredients that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate the lesions and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.Medicines stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty of using nitrofurans is that these drugs cause unwanted reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Medicines from the group of macrolides are of natural origin and have minimal toxic effects on the human body, therefore they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
For inflammation of the bladder mucosa, tablets such as Roxithromycin and Azithromycin are effective.Their active ingredients destabilize the synthesis of specific enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
tetracycline
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are capable of destroying bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline drugs are effective against infections with certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical field.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving the test results.Doxycycline is most commonly used for cystitis.
Levomycetin
The main active ingredient included in drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are identical to the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic acts bacteriostatically.
However, a number of urinary tract infection pathogens have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, the drug has many contraindications.Therefore, for the treatment of cystitis, Levomycetin is prescribed only in cases where therapy with other medications has not given a positive result.
Herbal remedies
Herbal medicines are used to treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system.
A natural remedy based on cranberries is very effective against urinary tract infections.The red berry has a bactericidal and diuretic effect, helps to strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are powerful drugs and have a number of contraindications.Using medicines without consulting a doctor can lead to serious health consequences.During the treatment of an infectious lesion of the bladder, you must strictly adhere to the urologist's recommendations, observe the dose and duration of use of the prescribed drugs.
During pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated, as the active ingredients penetrate the placental barrier and can cause malformations in the fetus.During pregnancy, herbal medicines are often prescribed.The doctor individually selects antibacterial agents for the expectant mother, in cases where the benefit for the woman exceeds the possible risk for the child.
When breastfeeding
Strong drugs are also prohibited during breastfeeding.Antibiotics used in the treatment of cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active substances are excreted in the milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial food for the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor.A number of drugs are contraindicated at a young age.In addition, the dose of the drug in most cases is calculated based on the child's weight.
For men
The doctor always chooses the antibiotic, taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the general health of the patient.
For men with acute liver, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other severe pathologies, a number of drugs are contraindicated.Some antibiotics negatively affect reproductive power and function.This should be taken into account when taking medications.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications affecting all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidneys, causing severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient did not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of drugs and the duration of the course of therapy, then the pathogenic flora that caused the infection may develop resistance to drugs and become chronic.It is extremely difficult to completely cure cystitis in this case.Chronic infection contributes to the general intoxication of the body and a decrease in immunity.
hearing
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink Fosfomycin.You only need one packet of powder.The next day, no symptoms.There are no side effects either.If I had not tried it myself, I would not have believed that in just one day you can get rid of pain, itching and constant trips to the toilet.The product is expensive but effective.
Inexpensive products can also fight infection well.This was proven once again by Fosfomycin and Ofloxacin.I took an antibiotic and then an herbal medicine to increase the effect according to the regimen recommended by the doctor.The symptoms of inflammation passed quickly, I stopped running to the toilet every half hour and returned to normal life.I just had to take a course of probiotics to avoid dysbiosis.I noticed no more side effects.